We report the detection of 15 GHz radio continuum emission associated with the classical Cepheid variable star
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Abstract δ Cephei (δ Cep) based on observations with the Karl G. Jansky Very Large Array. Our results constitute the first probable detection of radio continuum emission from a classical Cepheid. We observed the star at pulsation phaseϕ ≈ 0.43 (corresponding to the phase of maximum radius and minimum temperature) during three pulsation cycles in late 2018 and detected statistically significant emission (>5σ ) during one of the three epochs. The observed radio emission appears to be variable at a ≳10% level on timescales of days to weeks. We also present an upper limit on the 10 GHz flux density at pulsation phaseϕ = 0.31 from an observation in 2014. We discuss possible mechanisms that may produce the observed 15 GHz emission, but cannot make a conclusive identification from the present data. The emission does not appear to be consistent with originating from a close-in, late-type dwarf companion, although this scenario cannot yet be strictly excluded. Previous X-ray observations have shown thatδ Cep undergoes periodic increases in X-ray flux during pulsation phaseϕ ≈ 0.43. The lack of radio detection in two out of three observing epochs atϕ ≈ 0.43 suggests that either the radio emission is not linked with a particular pulsation phase, or else that the strength of the generated radio emission in each pulsation cycle is variable. -
Gallenne, A. ; Kervella, P. ; Borgniet, S. ; Mérand, A. ; Pietrzyński, G. ; Gieren, W. ; Monnier, J. D. ; Schaefer, G. H. ; Evans, N. R. ; Anderson, R. I. ; et al ( , Astronomy & Astrophysics)
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Gallenne, A. ; Kervella, P. ; Evans, N. R. ; Proffitt, C. R ; Monnier, J. D. ; Mérand, A. ; Nelan, E. ; Winston, E. ; Pietrzyński, G. ; Schaefer, G. ; et al ( , The Astrophysical Journal)